منابع مشابه
a comparative study on borders and basis of carrier’s liability under “rotterdam rules” with “hague rules” and “hamburg rules”
on december 11, 2008, the united nations adopted the “convention on contracts for the international carriage of goods wholly or partly by sea”, more colloquially known as the “rotterdam rules” for the city which hosted the convention’s signing ceremony on september 23, 2009. rotterdam convention approved the “presumption of responsibility” as the basis of carrier’s responsibility and listed the...
متن کاملInstitute of Excepted Perils under the Rotterdam Rules 2009
e-mail: [email protected] The Rotterdam Rules set forth, on the lines of the HagueVisby Rules, a number of excepted perils when the carrier will not be liable for the damage to cargo. The institute of excepted perils was established by the Hague Rules almost 90 years ago, and is still implemented in practice. For such cases exceptionally the carrier is not liable under the principle of assumed gu...
متن کاملthe effect of functional/notional approach on the proficiency level of efl learners and its evaluation through functional test
in fact, this study focused on the following questions: 1. is there any difference between the effect of functional/notional approach and the structural approaches to language teaching on the proficiency test of efl learners? 2. can a rather innovative language test referred to as "functional test" ge devised so so to measure the proficiency test of efl learners, and thus be as much reliable an...
15 صفحه اولEquivalency and Non-equivalency of Lexical Items in English Translations of Nahj al-balagha
Lexical items play a key role in both language in general and translation in particular. Likewise, equivalence is a controversial concept discussed so widely in translation studies. Some theorists deem it to be fundamental in translation theory and define translation in terms of equivalence. The aim of this study is to identify the problems of lexical gaps in two translations of Nahj al-ba...
متن کاملThe Rotterdam Rules and Negotiable Electronic Transport Documents in Letter of Credit Business
This paper considers the implications of Bills of Lading issued as negotiable electronic transport documents for the maritime international carriage of goods, as proposed by the Rotterdam Rules. The legal usage of paper based documents is considered first. This is followed by discussion of the practical challenges that electronic negotiable Bills of Lading may pose, particularly in the lodgment...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: CINEC Academic Journal
سال: 2017
ISSN: 2792-100X,2386-1665
DOI: 10.4038/caj.v2i0.67